The Euler Characteristic of $Out(F_n)$ and the Hopf Algebra of Graphs
In their 1986 work, Harer and Zagier gave an expression for the Euler characteristic of the moduli space of curves, $M_{gn}$, or equivalently the mapping class group of a surface. Recently, in joint work with Karen Vogtmann, we performed a similar analysis for $Out(F_n)$, the outer automorphism group of the free group, or equivalently the moduli space of graphs. This analysis settles a 1987 conjecture on the Euler characteristic and indicates the existence of large amounts of homology in odd dimensions for $Out(F_n)$. I will illustrate these results and explain how the Hopf algebra of graphs, based on the works of Kreimer, played a key role to transform a simplified version of Harer and Zagier's argument, due to Kontsevich and Penner, from $M_{gn}$ to $Out(F_n)$. This combined technique can be interpreted as a renormalized topological field theory. I will also report on more recent results on the integer Euler characteristic of $Out(F_n)$.