Appears in collection : 2026 - T2 - WS2 - Instabilities and transitions in geophysical flows

Periodic patterns spontaneously emerge due to sublimation, erosion/deposition and sediment transport, dissolution, or—when it comes to waves—mechanical deformation of an interface. Starting with sand ripples and dunes, I will thoroughly discuss the various aspects of how these patterns form: linear instability vs pattern coarsening; laminar vs turbulent flow; mixing vs normal stress vs shear stress instability.