The emergence of liquid-crystalline features is increasingly realised in different cell mono- layers. Here, we present a cell-based model of cell layer, based on phasefield formulation, that connects mechanical properties at the single cell level to the multiscale nematic and hydrodynamic properties at the tissue level. In particular, we present a minimal formulation that reproduces the well-known bend-splay hydrodynamic instabilities in the continuum nematohydrodynamic formulation of active matter, which is complemented by analytical description of the instability threshold in terms of activity and elasticity of the cells. Furthermore, we provide a quantitative characterisation and comparison of flows and topological defects for extensile and contractile stress generation mechanisms, and demonstrate the emergence of spontaneous gap formation within a confluent monolayer as a consequence of the interplay between activity and elasticity of the cells. Together, the results contribute to bridging the gap between micro-scale cell dynamics and tissue-scale collective cellular organisation.
De Richard Bailleul
De Florence Hubert
De Pierre-Emmanuel Jabin
De Markus Schmidtchen
De Camille Pouchol
De Monika Joanna Piotrowska
De Annabelle Collin
De Sébastien Benzekry
De Jose Munoz
De Pasquale Ciarletta
De Olivier Saut
De Anna Marciniak-Czochra
De Aleksandra Ardaseva
De Kevin Painter
De Nadia Loy
De Min Tang
De Christian Schmeiser
De Thierry Goudon
De Ariane Trescases
